While there is an extensive literature on the relationship between market competition and innovation at the aggregate level, there are far fewer case-specific accounts of this relationship, particularly on the effects of specific competition policy interventions on innovation. The objective of...

This study examines whether EU competition policy enforcement has led to stronger competition in European gas and electricity markets and hence lower prices, higher investment and improved productivity. Specifically, the study analyses the impact of competition policy enforcement on shortrun...

The study provides support for an impact assessment concerning the review of the Merger Regulation regarding minority shareholdings. In more precise terms, the study is broken down into two interrelated but discrete topics: (topic 1) the assessment of the features of a certain number of merger...

The purpose of the Study is to provide information to support the European Commission's evaluation of Regulations 1/2003 and 773/2004 (the "Regulations") covering the time period as from the applicability of both Regulations, as from May 2004, until 31 December 2022. From a methodological...

The purpose of the Study is to provide information to support the European Commission's evaluation of Regulations 1/2003 and 773/2004 (the "Regulations") covering the time period as from the applicability of both Regulations, as from May 2004, until 31 December 2022. From a methodological...

This report models and analyses various aspects of the macroeconomic impact of competition policy interventions by the European Commission over the period 2012-2022. Based on information provided by the Directorate-General for Competition (DG COMP) on its merger interventions, cartel...

The main objectives of the study are the following: measure the evolution of choice and innovation over the last decade in the modern retail food sector; and identify the main drivers of choice and innovation, measure their evolution over the last decade, and their economic impact on choice and...

The European Commission's Regional Aid Guidelines define the criteria applied by the European Commission when examining the compatibility of regional aid granted by Member State public authorities within the European internal market. In order to prepare for a review of the RAG 2007-2013, DG...

This report models and analyses various aspects of the macroeconomic impact of competition policy interventions by the European Commission over the period 2012-2021. Based on information provided by the Directorate-General for Competition (DG COMP) on its merger interventions, cartel...

At the end of 2021, Member States granted around €940 billion to companies in the context of the COVID-19 crisis, representing about 3.39% of total EU27 GDP on an annual basis. 64% of the total nominal values of aid granted at the end of 2021 take the form of state-backed credit. The response...