Traditionally the protection of intellectual property is regarded as a pre-condition for value capture. The rise of open source (OS) software and OStangible products, so-called open design, has challenged this understand-ing. Openness is often regarded as a dichotomous variable (open-source...

Innovation occurs when knowledge about unmet customer needs intersects with knowledge about technological solutions. Both knowledge types are often located outside the firm and need to be absorbed in order for innovation to occur. While there has been extensive research into absorptive capacity...