The practice of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is considered insufficient in emerging economies where social problems outpace economic growth (Ramasamy & Ting, 2004). In Malaysia, firms have a strong incentive to engage in CSR to enhance their reputation and legitimacy as a consequence of...

Purpose - This Malaysian study uses upper echelons theory and social identity theory variables to determine the CEO characteristics and attitudes associated with economic CSR, legal-ethical CSR, as well as discretionary CSR in Malaysian firms. We hypothesize that CSR engagements in the form of...