This paper discusses the key considerations of CBDC design to balance benefits and risks and presents best practices in CBDC design from a global perspective. Using China's CBDC as an illustration, this paper discusses two-tier or multi-tier ledger design and proposes ten enablers of mass...

This study finds that economic policy uncertainty (EPU) has different impacts on different categories of corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. EPU increases corporate governance quality, suggesting that good governance may serve as a hedge against adverse shocks....

We empirically examine whether adopting a uniform set of accounting standards mitigates information frictions in financial markets and facilitates market integration. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find that after the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards...