What determines government policy responses to banking crises? One prominent analysis of pre-1999 post-war crises claims that democratic governments seek to minimize the public burden of bank insolvency to avoid electoral sanction, and thus are less likely to bail out banks than authoritarian...

How have banking crises affected the survival prospects of political incumbents over the long run? Unlike existing studies, we explore how changing societal expectations concerning how incumbent governments should prevent and respond to crises have reshaped the relationship between crises,...

The politics of major banking crises has been transformed since the nineteenth century. Analyzing extensive historical and contemporary evidence, Chwieroth and Walter demonstrate that the rising wealth of the middle class has generated 'great expectations' among voters that the government is...