The extractives industries must adjust their operations to shifting patterns of demand for oil, natural gas, and coal together with metals and minerals - as policies and new technologies encourage progress along low-carbon pathways in energy, transportation and construction to combat climate...

Within-country income inequality has risen since the early 1980s in most of the OECD, all transitional, and many developing countries. More recently, inequality has risen also in India and nations affected by the Asian crisis. Altogether, over the last twenty years, inequality worsened in 70 per...

This paper provides a survey on studies that analyze the macroeconomic effects of intellectual property rights (IPR). The first part of this paper introduces different patent policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic growth. This part also discusses the distortionary...

In August 1986, the year after UNU-WIDER began its work, the Institute hosted a conference to honour the memory of Carlos Díaz-Alejandro. Nearly 20 years on it is instructive to look over the resulting conference volume, Debt, Stabilization and Development (Calvo et al. 1989) to see how the...