This paper explores the potential impacts of the transition to a low-carbon future for the taxation of extractive resources. The global debate on climate change has firmly moved on from the question of whether countries ought to shift towards such a future to that of how they are going to...

The first objective of this paper is to update earlier assessments of mineral dependence in lower-income countries. In 2018, the mining of metals and coal continued to be an important contributor to the economies of several low- and middle-income countries. As in our previous calculations of the...

International maritime shipping is confronted from 2006 onwards with regulation until 2030 by different policy actors (i.e. International Maritime Organization, hereafter IMO), the EU) in order to improve the ecological performance of maritime shipping, and will face more so in the future. Many...

As climate change continues to pose a significant threat to our planet, international maritime shipping plays a crucial role in mitigation efforts. Recognizing the urgency, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has revised its targets, now aiming for full decarbonization by 2050....

The rising share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix and the desire to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and harmful substances have driven broad-based technological advances on a global scale. In recent years, Millennium and Sustainable Development Goals have appeared,...