Supply chain security is now acknowledged to be an indispensable element in the developing global maritime security system. Efforts to develop a supply chain security regime began almost immediately after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. It soon became apparent that because...

A presentation of the new Panama Canal (opening in 2016) in the context of global economic change, containerized shipping technologies and a worldwide multi-modal shipping system. Five determinants are identified to assess the prospects of Panamanian centrality in global shipping over the coming...

This paper cites statistics published by the World Economic Forum and concludes that there is no infrastructure crisis in the United States. Out of 137 countries included in the study, the United States ranked 10th in terms of infrastructure, which places it firmly in the top 8 percent in terms...

Trade and transport facilitation are vital for increasing countries' international trade and it is important to ensure that the measures implemented to facilitate trade are effective. One of the crucial factors behind the successful implementation of trade and transport facilitation is ensuring...

The demolition market assists in balancing the supply and demand in the shipping industry and from that perspective is a major driver of market equilibrium and the level of freight rates. Even so, literature related to ship demolition, focuses mainly on the environmental and regulatory aspects...

Man can not sustain his life alone and independent in this world. He has to depend upon his environment to earn his bread. Even vedas attach a paramount importance to the environment. Human beings are interconnected with the Earth, Sun, Moon and other planets of the universe. Maintenance and...

Existing literature ignores adaptation responses to external effects which, in turn, affect the design of appropriate internalization instruments. We use general equilibrium numerical simulation models based on OECD and UK data to analyze the significance of these responses to congestion...

Far from protecting the environment, most rail transit lines use more energy per passenger mile, and many generate more greenhouse gases, than the average passenger automobile. Rail transit provides no guarantee that a city will save energy or meet greenhouse gas targets. While most rail transit...

This paper explores the effects of distance as well as subnational and national borders on international and intranational knowledge spillovers through patent citations across the 39 most patent-cited countries and 319 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) within the U.S. In contrast to previous...