Most previous works regarding the relationship between gender and the environment have focused on women's vulnerability (the patient approach). The few quantitative research papers adopting an agency approach have studied the effect of women’s political participation on female aggregate...

Development studies on the middle-income trap have highlighted the challenges for developing economies to transform their productive systems from simple towards high value-added activities. Here, we use trade data of 116 countries to quantify the stages of productive sophistication and reveal...