Energy leapfrogging may have critical implications for a world that seeks to reduce its fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions, and in which most future economic growth will be concentrated in rapidly growing, industrializing countries rather than in more mature economies. The current...

Estimating the relationship between economic development and energy demand and determining whether that relationship changes as levels of development change have been popular questions in energy economics. The current paper contributes to the literature by assembling a wide panel dataset of...

Energy efficiency is essential for reducing energy consumption, increasing energy security, and reducing CO2 emissions. This paper uses stochastic frontier analysis applied to a large panel data set of 81 OECD and non-OECD countries covering the years 1980 to 2013 to estimate energy efficiency....

Knowledge of the carbon emissions elasticities of income and population is important both for climate change policy/negotiations and for generating projections of carbon emissions. However, previous estimations of these elasticities using the well-known STIRPAT framework have produced such...

The share of a population living in urban areas, or urbanization, is both an important demographic, socio-economic phenomenon and a popular explanatory variable in macro-level models of energy and electricity consumption and their resulting carbon emissions. Indeed, there is a substantial,...

This paper analyzes urban population's and affluence's (GDP per capita's) influence on environmental impact in developed and developing countries by taking as its starting point the STIRPAT framework. In addition to considering environmental impacts particularly influenced by population and...

This paper combines two aggregate production function models — one with urbanization as a shift factor and one that includes energy/electricity consumption and physical capital — to estimate the macro-level relationship among urbanization, energy/electricity consumption, and economic growth...

Understanding the income/GDP and price elasticities of electricity demand is important for forecasting demand and evaluation of the potential impact of policies. Yet, there has been little work on this topic that focuses on countries outside the OECD. We employ a new database of cross-country...

World convergence in energy intensity is revisited using two new large data sets: a 111-country sample spanning 1971-2006, and a 134-country sample spanning 1990-2006. Both data sets confirm continued convergence. However, the larger data set, which adds the former Soviet Union republics and...

This review summarizes the evidence from cross-country, macro-level studies on the way demographic factors and processes — specifically, population, age structure, household size, urbanization, and population density — influence carbon emissions and energy consumption. Analyses employing...