This paper examines the need for liner conferences, or cartels, in international shipping, and compares investment in shipping to investment in housing, an industry which is not usually organized into private cartels. Then the paper discusses how the quantity of goods being shipped is likely to...

Countries differ considerably in terms of the price drivers pay for gasoline. This paper uses data for 132 countries for the period 1995–2008 to investigate the implications of these differences for the consumption of gasoline for road transport. To address the potential for simultaneity bias,...