The role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has been extensively debated in the literature on technology transfers and agricultural production in developing countries. However, few studies offer cross-country evidence on how IPRs affect yield growth, for example, by incentivizing...

Last week, the World Trade Organization (WTO) concluded its 11th Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina, amid divergent expectations and goals. Significant issues remain unresolved, and WTO members continue to differ on how countries should approach WTO commitments in light of varying...

At long last, gender and trade are together on the international agenda, with significant implications for women entrepreneurs and traders around the world. Alongside the landmark 2017 Joint Declaration on Trade and Women’s Empowerment, regional trade agreements (RTAs) have taken the lead on...

There is a growing consensus that we are at a turning point in international trade law and international economic law (IEL) more generally, signaling the possibility for a more inclusive and sustainable approach to law and development. The multilateral system of trade rules has reached an...

Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) have promoted rule of law in a number of areas – labor and environmental requirements, trade facilitation, standards, intellectual property protection, and development of services infrastructure – and in some cases have allowed domestic industries and...

Times of crisis tend to highlight the importance of flexibility and innovation in international economic law (IEL), but this focus has taken on new significance and dimension with the COVID-19 pandemic. Current circumstances warrant an even greater emphasis the intersection between flexibility,...