takes a bottom up perspective of clients seeking access to justice and uses transaction costs on the market for justice as a … criterion to evaluate justice policies. Most justice is created through ‘justice transactions,’ including informal help from … friends, legal advice, information about law, ADR services, other forms of informal justice, and adjudication. Such …

corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual …

The study investigates the role of security officers and the police in dampening the effect of insecurity on homicides … Negative Binomial regressions. Three main findings are established. First, security officers and the police significantly … thresholds suggest that a maximum deployment of security officers and the police is required in order to completely cancel out …

The study investigates the role of security officers and the police in dampening the effect of insecurity on homicides … Negative Binomial regressions. Three main findings are established. First , security officers and the police significantly … thresholds suggest that a maximum deployment of security officers and the police is required in order to completely cancel out …

impose a negative externality on others. Police officers observe citizens' behavior and decide whether to impose fines on law … police substantially reduces crime, as compared to a baseline setting without police. This is true also when police officers … are corrupt. This result is driven by corrupt police officers using bribes in a targeted manner as a substitute for …

same time, sweeping remedies may harm other interests of international criminal justice, including deterrence, retribution … goal of the international criminal justice system warrants it; and finally, develop a broader range of responses to … the competing interests of international criminal justice …

regulatory norms are fundamentally exercises in the social construction of legitimacy …

, disproportionate outcomes give rise to societal concerns about procedural fairness and justice, such that the law loses legitimacy. Any … loss of legitimacy undermines would-be offenders' normative commitment to, and voluntary compliance with, the law. The UK … failure are responsible for the failure to earn and secure the legitimacy of the cartel offence. Yet the greatest regulatory …

legitimacy. In brief, I find that procedural justice is the strongest predictor of police legitimacy in most of the countries … to obey), ( b) stronger differentiation between police and legal legitimacy, and ( c) more attention given to isolating …This article reviews the international evidence on the potential nature, sources, and consequences of police and legal …