The direction and level of changes in real incomes brought about by structural adjustment are determined by a variety of factors, including sources of income, patterns of expenditures, and movements in relative prices in the wake of adjustment. An econometric model is used to derive an index of...

This paper examines the progressivity of social sector expenditures and taxes in eight sub-Saharan African countries. It uses dominance tests to determine whether health and education expenditures redistribute resources to the poor. The paper finds that social services are poorly targeted. Among...