This paper investigates the hypothesis that surprise changes in the money supply and anticipated inflation (the Mundell-Tobin effect) are both inversely related to the expected real interest rate. The two novel aspects of the investigation are tests of the hypothesized impact of money surprises...

This paper derives a reduced-form expression for an interestrate in an open economy by incorporating after tax covered interest parity conditions into a simple neo-classical macro model. The result clearly demonstrates that the relationship between an interest rate and variables used to explain...

This note attempts to reconcile contradictory findings regarding the impact of money surprises on short term interest rates. Expectations effects regarding anticipated monetary policy and anticipated inflation suggest a positive relationship. Liquidity and output effects of monetary surprises...