In simulation we often have to generate correlated random variables by giving a reference intercorrelation matrix, R or Q. The matrix R is positive definite and a valid correlation matrix. The matrix Q may appear to be a correlation matrix but it may be invalid (negative definite). With R(m,m)...

A central assumption for identifying structural shocks in vector autoregressive (VAR) models via heteroskedasticity is the time-invariance of the impact effects of the shocks. It is shown how that assumption can be tested when longrun restrictions are available for identifying structural shocks....

We exploit the information in the successive vintages of gross domestic expenditure (GDE) and gross domestic income (GDI) from the current comprehensive revision to obtain an improved, timely measure of U.S. aggregate output by exploiting cointegration between the different measures and taking...

Based on the present value model for stock prices, we utilise a pooled mean group estimator for panel ARDL cointegration to estimate the long-run relationship between G7 stock prices and macroeconomic variables over the last 40 years. We find a positive long-run relation between stock prices,...

In this paper, we test cointegration between GDP and Public consumption of the Republic of North Macedonia, for quarterly data of twenty years' time series (2000Q1-2019Q4). We present results of two methods for cointegration test: first, residual regression test table and second, Engle & Granger...

We analyze if and to what extent fundamental macroeconomic factors, temporary influences or more structural factors have contributed to the low levels of US bond yields over the last few years. For that purpose, we start with a general model of interest rate determination. The empirical part...

The concept of integrated stochastic processes is widely used in empirical macroeconomics; and cointegration analysis is an important framework to analyze economic time series both in single equation and in system approaches. This framework is not only suited to study the relationships between...

It has long been recognized that aggregating time series introduces correlation between consecutive values of the aggregated observations (see Working (1960)). This paper investigates the effect of aggregation on the relation between variables assuming that the data generating process involves...

In 2007, Germany changed network access regulation in the natural gas sector and introduced a so-called entry-exit system. The re-regulation’s spot market effects remain to be examined. We use cointegration analysis and a state space model with time-varying coefficients to study the...

Although the link between oil prices and dollar exchange rates has been frequently analyzed, a clear distinction between prices and nominal exchange rate dynamics and a clarification of the issue of causality has not been provided. In addition, previous studies have mostly neglected...