The degree of genetic heterogeneity among the individuals in an animal society depends on the society's genetic structure. Genetic heterogeneity, in turn, means that group members will differ in their reproductive objectives and conflicts over reproduction may arise. The resolution of these...

Most nonsocial wasps and bees are mass provisioners (MP), sealing each egg into its own cell containing all of the food required to reach maturity. Other species instead provision progressively, feeding their offspring only gradually as they develop and usually provisioning more than one...