Differences in income-elasticities of imports and exports among countries bring about distinct degrees of external constraints to growth. This argument has been pointed out by Prebisch and by authors in the Kaldorian tradition. Prebisch’s explanations for this phenomenon relate to the...

By using the Minskyan approach of financial instability and the neo-schumpeterian approach to the relationship between the National System of Innovation (NSI) and economic competitiveness, a standard was obtained for growth cycles of economies whose NSI shows deficiencies when compared with the...