The ambiguity surrounding model-based science is exemplified by the proliferation of meanings of the term "business model". We argue that a clearer specification of the analytical, theoretical and ontological validity of models is an opportunity to learn about and understand complex...

In actuarial practice, the modeling of total losses tied to a certain policy is a nontrivial task due to complex distributional features. In the recent literature, the application of the Dirichlet process mixture for insurance loss has been proposed to eliminate the risk of model...