The ability to work with graphs is at the core of the economic domain and is also one of the central challenges for novices in the field. To accurately assess the graph competence of higher education students, we developed and tested an 18-item graph competence instrument with different...

Three decision consistency and accuracy (DC/DA) methods, the Livingston and Lewis (LL) method, LEE method, and the Hambleton and Han (HH) method, were evaluated. The purposes of the study were (1) to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of these methods, especially when their assumptions were...

Differential item functioning (DIF) can lead to an unfair advantage or disadvantage for certain subgroups in educational and psychological testing. Therefore, a variety of statistical methods has been suggested for detecting DIF in the Rasch model. Most of these methods are designed for the...

Although the Bock–Aitkin likelihood-based estimation method for factor analysis of dichotomous item response data has important advantages over classical analysis of item tetrachoric correlations, a serious limitation of the method is its reliance on fixed-point Gauss-Hermite (G-H) quadrature...

Although the Bock–Aitkin likelihood-based estimation method for factor analysis of dichotomous item response data has important advantages over classical analysis of item tetrachoric correlations, a serious limitation of the method is its reliance on fixed-point Gauss-Hermite (G-H) quadrature...

Given the rapid advancement of computer technology, the importance of administeringadaptive tests with polytomous items is in great need. With regard to the applicability ofadaptive testing using polytomous IRT models, adaptive testing can use polytomous items of either rating scales, or in some...

The main purposes of this study were to systematically investigate the impact of representativeness and non-representativeness of common-item sets in terms of statistical, content, and format specifications in mixed-format tests using concurrent calibration with unidimensional IRT models, as...

Measuring continuous change or growth in individual students' academic abilities over time currently uses several statistical models or transformations to move from data representing a student's correct or incorrect responses on individual test items to inferences about the form and quantity of...

If data exhibit a dimensional structure more complex than what is assumed, key conditional independence assumptions of the hypothesized model do not hold. The current work pursues posterior predictive model checking, a flexible family of Bayesian model checking procedures, as a tool for...