This paper examines trends in household financial strain across Europe from 2006 to 2022, a period marked by three … subjective measure of welfare, financial strain, we analyse household responses to these shocks, which affected countries …-discretionary expenses such as housing, commuting, and childcare costs, alongside household-specific inflation rates to assess purchasing …

. Using data from the ECB Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) we analyse preexisting financial vulnerability in … exercise, we then derive household net income when employees are laid-off and awarded the COVID-19 employment protection …

We conduct detailed analysis of the Polish Household Budget Survey data for the years 2006-2011 with the focus on its …

, data sources the principal demo-economic events, as mortality, nuptiality taking into account assortive mating, household … household income. The dynamics of the model are analysed by comparing the reference scenario with simulations under alternative …

contributions (SSC). Based on a dual data base and a microsimulation model of household labor supply behavior, we find a regressive …