This study makes an attempt to examine the long run relationship between the official and black market exchange rates using monthly data for a sample of 13 Middle East and Northern African (MENA) countries from 1970 to 1998. Using the Pool Mean Group framework, the article provides evidence on...

In this paper, we examine the issue of volatility for both official and black market exchange rates of the Turkish lira using the monthly exchange rate against the US dollar for the period 1969-1998. The main findings are: 1) conditional shocks have a positive effect on exchange rate volatility;...