European firms have increasingly invested in training of employees but differences across countries and types of firms … remain – and the Covid-19 shock may have exacerbated them. This report analyses European firms' investment in training over … the last six years examining trends, factors supporting training investment as well as the impact of the Covid-19 shock …

European firms have increasingly invested in training of employees but differences across countries and types of firms … remain - and the Covid-19 shock may have exacerbated them. This report analyses European firms' investment in training over … the last six years examining trends, factors supporting training investment as well as the impact of the Covid-19 shock …

Community Household Panel (INE, 1994-2001) to estimate the effect of labour market training on wage growth for both female and … measure the effect of training we differentiate among employer-financed and self-employed training as well as indicators, and … later include variables for training length and intensity. Our results show that, indeed, training investments provide …

The work is devoted to estimates of individual returns to additional professional training (APT) on the example of a … of training referred by us to the rise of qualification have significantly smaller impact on earnings. The found effects …

substitute for workers with completed vocational training. New capital goods are substitutive to low unskilled labor whereas the …