Analysts associated with the Cowles Commission attached great importance to the distinction between structural and reduced-form models: in their view structural models, but not reduced-form models, allow the analysis of causal relations. They did not present clear justification for this view....

Markov switching regression processes belong to the class of Hidden Markov models (HMMs). They provide a higher flexibility than, for example, simple (auto)regression. The main reason for their popularity is the convenient interpretability. For sufficiently long time series, the different...

This paper reviews the recent trends in agricultural investments (both public and private) and tries to find structural breaks in the trends over the period of 1960-2017. Comparing the growth performance of investments and farm output (GDPAg and production) in various sub-periods based on...

Analysts associated with the Cowles Commission attached great importance to the distinction between structural and reduced-form models: in their view structural models, but not reduced-form models, allow the analysis of causal relations. They did not present clear justification for this view....