of regulation on R&D investment. Nearing competition has a dampening effect on R&D spending, but once the market and … regulatory framework conditions have been established, higher levels of competition positively influence R&D. Our results further … indicate that the relation between competition and innovative investment can be described as inverted U-shaped. Finally, we …

The strength of product market competition plays an important role in economic growth as it affects economic efficiency … market competition and economic performance in the European Union. The Community’s competition rules, which apply whenever …’s Directorate General for Competition, and complement national competition legislation. Reforms have been adopted recently to …

endemically weak domestic competition, though the country’s relatively low productivity among domestic business likely signals … some sheltering from international competition. The generally healthy level of competition is partly because competition … proceed via the competition authority. And, it is suggested that sanctions against individuals in hard-core cartel cases are …

This paper reviews recent studies on the links between competition, innovation and productivity growth in the long run …. From a long-run perspective, one can see that gains from competition-enhancing regulatory reform are likely to exceed … taking a dynamic perspective on competition and efficiency, one can also understand better the new modes of competition …

competition, at the expense of consumers. The loss in efficiency from these policies will become more noticeable as Ireland …’s growth rate settles down towards more normal levels. International evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an …, including retail trade, pharmacies, professional services such as legal and medical services, and various network industries …

, i.e., nearing competition, has a dampening effect on R&D spending. Utilities reduce their expenses due to increased … become used to the new situation, higher levels of competition positively influence R&D and former incumbents invest more in … order to “escape” from the competition. Moreover, we find no indication that (ownership) unbundling and incentive regulation …