This paper explores the implications that spatial effects can hold for the application of measures of sigma-convergence. The bias of a common indicator of convergence is examined for a family of spatial process models including: [a] spatial lag, [b] spatial error, and [c] spatial moving average....

This paper exploits a geocoded, publicly audited, full population dataset on employment and wages in Sweden's city areas, to analyze the relationship between density of economic activity and individual wages. The analysis is based on 250-by-250 meter (about 0.15 miles), 1 km2, 9 km2 and 100 km2...

I analyze the effects of sub-city level density of economic activity on worker productivity. Using a geocoded dataset on employment and wages in the city areas of Sweden, the analysis is based on squares representing “neighborhoods” (0.0625 km2), “districts” (1 km2), and...