In capital budgeting, the internal rate of return (IRR) criterion and the net present value (NPV) criterion are considered incompatible in several cases. A longstanding debate developed in past years about the reliability of either method is still an issue of investigation (see, for example,...

This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income, originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital...

This paper deals with the use of the CAPM for capital budgeting purposes. Four different measures are deductively drawn from this model: the disequilibrium Net Present Value, the equilibrium Net Present Value, the disequilibrium Net Future Value, the equilibrium Net Future Value. While all of...

This paper focuses on inconsistencies arising from the use of NPV and CAPM for capital budgeting. It shows that (i) CAPM capital budgeting decision-making based on disequilibrium NPV is deductively inferred by the Capital Asset Pricing Model, (ii) the use of the disequilibrium NPV is widespread...

This paper shows that (i) project valuation via disequilibrium NPV+CAPM contradicts valuation via arbitrage pricing, (ii) standard CAPM-minded decision makers may fail to profit from arbitrage opportunities, (iii) standard CAPM-based valuation violates value additivity. As a consequence, the...

In these slides we discuss the practical and conceptual difficulty of finding an Optimal Capital Structure. We propose a normative approach we call Implicit Bankruptcy Costs Theory and how to proceed to find the optimal capital structure and value with period-to-period constant and variable...

In cash flow valuation, on grounds of simplicity, it is common to assume that the leverage is constant over time. With constant leverage, the return to levered equity is constant and consequently, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) applied to the Free Cash Flow is constant. However,...

Vélez-Pareja and Tham, 2003a, Vélez-Pareja and Tham, 2003b and Tham and Vélez-Pareja, 2004 showed the matching between discounted cash flow (DCF) methods and value added methods. They departed from the net operating profit less adjusted taxes NOPLAT and net income when using market values to...

cash flow and time value of money. In this note we specify very clearly what has to be included in those cash flows and the reasons why they should be included. The main issue is related to the inclusion or exclusion of some items in the working capital and the current practice to consider that...

In “Consistency in Chocolate: A Fresh Look at Copeland’s Hershey Foods & Co Case” we showed the inconsistencies regarding the assumption of constant leverage and the inconsistency in the values for equity calculated with different approaches. In this second part we show the differences in...