obstacles to integration are highlighted: ?Limited trade complementarity induced by excess reliance on oil and lagged …

, and the real value of oil production. Secondly, we investigate the long-run (level) impacts of natural resource abundance … substantial cross-sectional dependence and cross-country heterogeneity in our sample, which covers 53 oil exporting and importing … developed by Pesaran (2006) and Pedroni (2000) for estimation. Our results, using the real value of oil production, rent or …

while enjoying huge reserves of oil and gas, keeps trying to play a major role in energy market at regional and global … levels. Under such circumstances, the Iranian oil and gas reserves is being considered as a remarkable source for securing …

the benchmark light oil of Saudi Arabia over the period January 2000–April 2010. A neural network is introduced to … forecast the price of any commercial oil in these crude oils, provided that the price of the benchmark light oil of Saudi … differences in the oil prices with an average error of 8.82% for testing and 7.24% for training data. It is claimed that the …