Most port operators have increasingly integrated cybertechnology into port activities to increase their competitiveness; unfortunately, this digitalization becomes the major vulnerability for the emerging cyberthreat. To help port policymakers develop cybersecurity measures, this study...

Shipping is the sector of the economy via which approximately 85% of all world trade is transported and which is technologically developing with enormous leaps. Its digital transformation has highlighted new opportunities, but at the same time new threats. Due to the great demand from the...