1978 to 1990. Using a quadratic cost function, six production factors are distinguished : capital, energy, three types of …

In this paper, substitutional relationships between capital, labour, material, electricity, and fossil fuels in German … the Morishima elasticity of substitution, labour and capital are substitutes in all sectors. Labour is generally a …

studies analyzing the relative capital-skill complementarity hypothesis formulated by GRILICHES (1969). According to this … hypothesis, the degree of substitutability between skilled labor and capital is lower than that for unskilled labor and capital …

that manufacturing firms increase capital and employment, with labor demand in information and communication technology …