The paper sets out a monetary business cycle model with three alternative exchange technologies, the cash … puzzles of the monetary business cycle theory. The credit model improves the ability to explain the procyclic movement of …

In this paper an Unobserved Components Model is employed to decompose U.S. real GDP into trend and cycle components … rate in the early seventies. A further result is a remarkable decrease in the volatility of the cycle component and the …

In this paper, an Unobserved Components Model is employed to decompose German real GDP into the trend, cycle and … declined from 4.2 per cent in the sixties to 1.4 per cent at the end of the nineties of the last century. 2) The business cycle …