are typically low-educated and have significantly lower average earnings than pure male breadwinners. The second type is …

We study the labour market dynamics of men and women in El Salvador and Nicaragua, focusing on the factors that help … men and women move into an advantageous labour market state from an unfavourable state. We consider 'advantageous' states …

Women across the world remain an underutilized resource in the labor force. Participation in the labor force averages … around 80 percent for men but only 50 percent for women - nearly half of women's productive potential remains untapped … participation (LFP) in the world during the last two decades. Women in LAC are becoming increasingly active in paid work, closing …

with a disability has strong negative impact on mothers' earnings. The effect is persistent and the wage penalty appears to … grow over time. Fathers' earnings are also affected but the impact is notably smaller. We find that both parents are less …

Rates of labor force participation in the US in the second half of the nineteenth century among free women were … exceedingly (and implausibly) low, about 11 percent. This is due, in part, to social perceptions of working women, cultural and … an augmented free female labor force participation rate for 1860. It is calculated by identifying free women (age 16 and …

This study aims to understand women's engagement in economic activities in rural Honduras and why these activities may … not be accurately reflected in official statistics. The study finds that women underreport their engagement in economic … percentage points. Two main explanations are found. First, women identify themselves (and are identified) primarily as housewives …