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Policy makers use reference pricing to curb pharmaceutical expenditures by reducing coverage of expensive branded drugs. In a theoretical analysis we show that the net effect of reference pricing is generally ambiguous when accounting for entry by generic producers. Reference pricing shifts...
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Reforms of financial regulation after the crisis of 2007-2009 raise the question of what is the relation between … financial regulators and competition authorities. Should competition authorities play a role in financial regulation? Should …-specific regulation involves authorities actually prescribing desired modes of behavior. The ongoing nature of relations makes regulators …
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undermine the intended stringency of the regulation and its overall chances of making digital markets systemically more …
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gatekeepers, the “tipping” of markets and the rise of further gatekeepers is not guaranteed by the proposed regulation, this in …
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This paper studies the macroeconomic effects and sequencing of (LMRs) and product (PMRs) market reforms in Morocco. It finds that introducing LMRs and PMRs simultaneously would add about 2.5 percentage points (pp) of GDP growth and reduce unemployment by about 2.2 pp after five years. If...
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Wirtschaftswachstum oder Niveau des BIP pro Kopf andererseits für 30 Transformationsländer für den Zeitraum von 1992 bis 2007 …. -- Demokratie ; Liberalisierung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Transformationsländer …
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