stock of existing transatlantic retaliatory tariffs and examines three different motives that explain how products are … evaluation of EU tariffs implemented in response to U.S. steel and aluminum tariffs: within one year, imports of treated products …

tariffs. First, we solve a stylized 2x2 trade model of a large open economy and show that (a) productivity gains via exports … econometrically estimated productivity gains. Optimal tariffs are reduced by 17% for the US and China and 40% for Brazil when taking … policy. Thus, trade-induced productivity gains have empirically relevant effects on optimal tariffs. …

infinite future. In this paper I analyze the setting of tariffs in a two-country model taking account of adjustment processes … induces policy makers with a short planning horizon to set lower tariffs because it enhances the short run boom following a … cut in tariffs. Monetary policy that aggressively fights deviations from its inflation target leads to even lower tariffs. …