The focus of this paper is on the research performance of a system of universities and sciences. Using data from the United States during the nineteen eighties we study the relationship between research output and R&D in eight different fields of science. We begin at the field level by examining...

This paper examines available U.S. data on academic R&D expenditures and the number of papers published and the number of citations to these papers as possible measures of `output' of this enterprise. We look at these numbers for science and engineering as a whole, for 5 selected major fields,...

The focus of this paper is the research performance of a system of universities and sciences. Using data from the US during the 1980s we study the relationship between research output and R&D in 8 different fields of science We begin at the field level by examining the time series behavior of...