I review the complex welfare economic issues that arise in environmental decision-making over very long periods, as in cases relating to climate change and biodiversity loss. I also consider the issues that arise in choosing a discount rate to apply to very long-run projects and indicate how...

Public policies that lead to a reduction in the emissions of air and water pollutants or the protection of sensitive ecosystems presumably increase the well-being of many members of society. Applied welfare economists are accustomed to measuring the welfare effects of policies that invoke price...

This chapter provides an overview of normative analysis in the health sector in recent decades. It surveys two distinct, but related, literatures. The first is normative analysis of the operation of health care and health care insurance markets, market failure, and the scope for non-market...

I Preliminaries: Introduction -- Abstract Social Choiuce Problems and Concrete Resource Allocation Problems -- Describing an Allocation Problem: a Checklist -- II Axiom Types: Axiom Format -- Axiom Content: Delineating Broad Categories -- Axiom Content: Punctual Requirements on Welfare...

Introduction -- Part I: An ordering of paths, well-being, and economics: how to make you, a chimp, or even a cactus, better off? -- Chapter 1: Economicus: assumptions of a neoclassical theory of behavior, and their implications— my take -- Chapter 2: Welfare (well-faring) economics as a theory...

The crises of both the climate and the biosphere are manifestations of the imbalance between human extractive, and polluting activities and the Earth's regenerative capacity. Planetary boundaries define limits for biophysical systems and processes that regulate the stability and life support...