by investments in R&D performed in the high-wage sector. Unemployment is determined by the costs and benefits of waiting … for a high-paid job. The wage structure, growth, and unemployment are shown to depend on the way effort is extracted. …

unemployment in unprecedented detail. We document a strong and persistent rise in segregation between workers and the unemployed … less even with respect to the distribution of unemployment. Regarding centrality, we demonstrate that local unemployment … unevenness and concentration of unemployment in the center, but find little affirmative evidence. Instead, the strong overall …