The theoretical literature on trade follows two different approaches to explaining the endogenous formation of customs unions: 1) The terms-of-trade approach, in which integrating partners are willing to exploit terms-of-trade effects. Using the terms-of-trade approach, one concludes that...

The economics literature increasingly recognizes the importance of migration and its ties with many other aspects of development and policy. Examples include the role of international remittances (Harrison et al, 2003) or those immigrant-links underpinning the migration-trade nexus (Gould,...

The breakdown of the WTO negotiations under the Doha Development Agenda has inspired critics to highlight the lack of effort on the part of rich countries to reform their agricultural policies. In this paper, we focus instead the poverty impacts of developing country tariff cuts - particularly...

1. Small States in the Multilateral Trading System: An Overview . - 2. Systemic Issues for the Commonwealth Small States in the Functioning of the World Trade Organization: Options and Proposals. - 3. Commonwealth Small States and Least-developed Countries in World Trade Organization Dispute...

The international fragmentation of production is re-shaping the world economy. Global value chains (GVCs) are at the forefront of this phenomenon with China and the EU emerging as key production hubs. The evidence suggests that value chains are increasingly regional rather than global with three...