The effect of explicit integration of uncertainty – determined through financial, non-linear optimization – on the distribution of timber harvests and net revenues over time was examined. A management plan for a 30year period was developed for (1) a Bavarian municipal forest rich in standing...

The world is dependent on oil, as economy relies on a constant oil supply. Therefore, other markets seem to be influenced by the oil market. Recent developments in timber prices – for example, rising fuelwood prices – as well as shifts in supply and demand on the timber markets are an...

Since economic profitability is the most important factor for the adoption of short rotation coppice (SRC) for energy from biomass, our objective was to analyze and summarize published knowledge about the economic evaluation of SRC. Of 37 studies, 43% reported economic viability of SRC in...

Addressing uncertainty is a key requirement to follow the principle of precaution in sustainable ecosystem management. The maximization of worst-case outcomes according to the "maximin" decision rule, based on the two parameters mean and variance of a financial indicator, is a prominent approach...

Mixed forest ecosystems show effects of risk compensation similar to diversified portfolios of stocks. Other than portfolios of stocks, the composition of long-lived forests cannot be adjusted at short notice to current market developments. Thus, the financial robustness of tree-species...