This paper presents a theoretical framework for understanding the reforms that occurred in the CFA franc zone in the 1980s and 199Os, focusing on public debt and the exchange rate. It analyses the real-side adjustment strategy that was adopted initially. It shows how the debt problem and...

This paper presents an analytic narrative of three decades of oil and violence in Nigeria, assuming rational choice by all the actors. It argues that, in the 1980s and 1990s, the government had to choose between spending money on preventing pollution and terrorizing the population away from the...