The occurrence of bushfires (wildfires) is increasing with climate change in many areas of the world. In Australia, the 2019/20 bushfire season involved a particularly severe and widespread fire emergency (the ‘Black Summer’ bushfires). Understanding of how exposure to bushfires affects...

Recently, the size of the animal pedigree is increasing. In particular, there are many cases of animal pedigree without trace. In this study, we propose a used blockchain ledger that guarantees reliability in respect to animal traceability by using smart contracts. The public blockchain is used...

Compared with the EU, regulations on antibiotic use in livestock are less stringent in the USA. If consumers prefer non-antibiotic or minimal antibiotic-use meat, labeling different levels of antibiotic use in the USA could have the potential to mitigate the development of antibiotic-resistant...