As epidemiological studies have shown that conditions during gestation and early childhood affect adult health outcomes, we examine the effect of local labor market conditions in the year of birth on cognitive development in childhood. To address the endogeneity of labor market conditions, we...

Is public expenditure productive? Is there a shortfall or excess in public capital investment? We address these old issues in light of new econometric tools. It is argued that the Cobb-Douglas specification that ignores nonlinearity inherent in the functional relationship of the production...

We propose a complete framework for model-free difference-in-differences analysis with covariates, where model-free means data-driven, in particular nonparametric estimation and testing, variable and scale choice. We start with searching for the preferred data setup by simultaneously choosing...