This paper investigates operational hedging by firms and how operational hedging is related to financial hedging by using a sample of 424 firm observations, which consist of 212 operationally-hedged firms (firms with foreign sales) and a size and industry matched sample of 212...

This paper empirically examines the economic effects of both corporate industrial and geographic diversifications. Using a sample of 28,050 firm year observations from 1990 to 1998, we find that industrial and geographic diversifications are associated with firm value decrease. Consistent with...