, geography has also affected colonization policies and, therefore, institutional outcomes. Using non-colonized countries as a … control group, I develop an empirical strategy that disentangles the partial effects of institutions and of endowments on … income. I find that institutions are the main determinant of development, but that endowments have a sizeable direct impact …

, geography has also affected colonization policies and, therefore, institutional outcomes. Using non-colonized countries as a … the historical determinants of institutions with the sizeable direct impact of geographic endowments on development. …

endowments and institutions on income by utilizing the interaction of geography and colonial experience. I first document that … rest of the world. Second, I develop an empirical strategy that identifies the relation between institutions and income but …, geography has also affected colonization policies and institutional outcomes. Thus, one can disentangle the partial effects of …

, geography has also affected colonization policies and, therefore, institutional outcomes. Using non-colonized countries as a … the historical determinants of institutions with the sizeable direct impact of geographic endowments on development. …

endowments and institutions on income by utilizing the interaction of geography and colonial experience. I first document that … rest of the world. Second, I develop an empirical strategy that identifies the relation between institutions and income but …, geography has also affected colonization policies and institutional outcomes. Thus, one can disentangle the partial effects of …

. -- growth ; institutions ; geography ; comparative development ; colonialism …, geography has also affected colonization policies and, therefore, institutional outcomes. Using non-colonized countries as a … the historical determinants of institutions with the sizeable direct impact of geographic endowments on development …

, geography has also affected colonization policies and, therefore, institutional outcomes. Using non-colonized countries as a … the historical determinants of institutions with the sizeable direct impact of geographic endowments on development …

We study the implications of two historical institutions, direct British rule, and the heterogeneous land tenure … institutions implemented by the British, on disparity in present day development using district level data from India. Using … physical infrastructure. Looking at the growth pattern during 1993 to 2013, directly ruled districts had a 1.84% lower annual …

We estimate the respective contributions of institutions, geography, and trade in determining cross-country income … 'trumps' everything else. Controlling for institutions, geography have at best weak direct effects on incomes, although it has … levels using recently developed instruments for institutions and trade. Our results indicate that the quality of institutions …