In this paper some second order necessary and sucient conditions aregiven for unconstrained and constrained optimization problems involving C1functions. A generalized derivative is obtained by approximation with smoothfunctions and it collapses to Clarke's definition when C(1,1) data are...

We investigate the evolution of unionisation, considering both economic and institutional factors.While economists typically study the effects of labour market institutions treating unionisation as given and focusing on rent-seeking motivations, in this paper we study how union membership is...

The Governor’s challenge is to lead Bank of Italy back to its institutional role to serve the country and, through this, re-estabilish its prestige, also at an international level. In order to perceive this goal, his way to act is decisive, but always focused on a consistent and dialectical...

A Bayesian Network is a probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of variables and their probabilistic dependencies. Formally, Bayesian Networks are directed acyclic graphs whose nodes represent variables, and whose arcs encode the conditional dependencies between the variables. Nodes...

This paper develops an ecological perspective on trust. Trust is a social capital. The value of this capital is continuously reproduced and renewed through the process of social inclusion and interaction, which takes place between agents belonging to knowledge creating communities and networks....

In that work we explore the ability to learning-by-learning of the SME-network as relational capital of sustainable advantage. The nature of the most of those abilities connect resources and competences useful to realize successful of the firm in the long run in the form of intangibles and...

In this paper we try to test the role of multiplex. While usually multiplex is analysed in supply side since it can reduce the cost of exhibition through scale economies in several function, we focus on demand side. The positive role of multiplex is related to the risk reduction of the audience...

The new neoclassical synthesis combines ideas of Keynesian and classical economics.It involves the application of intertemporal optimization and rational expectations.These are applied to the analysis of pricing and output decisions in a Keynesian context as well to the consumption, investment...

We consider a set-up where two governments have either conflicting or matching preferences on the provision of differentiated (local) goods supplied by a common monopoly bureau. We develop a two-stage game. At stage-1, the two governments decide whether or not to merge into a single institution....