This paper examines several approaches to introduce advertising in systems of demand equations. Advertising is included in the Rotterdam model using an unrestricted specification and three restricted specifications - advertising affects demand alternatively through (1) marginal utilities as in...

This study uses the household production theory to study the demand for nutrients, i.e., households purchase a combination of food items from the market and produce the needed nutrients from these food items. By following the traditional household production approach, shadow prices for nutrients...

A demand system model differentiating goods by origin is developed to examine impacts of duty drawback on U.S. orange juice exports and prices. An empirical analysis suggests that on average duty drawback has increased annual orange juice exports by about 16.5 million SSE gallons or 11% of...

A differential demand system for quasi separability is developed, following the approach used by Theil et al. in developing the Working-PI time series model. The Slutsky coefficients vary with commodity budget shares and intergroup substitution depends on group compensated price effects.

The almost ideal demand system (AIDS) is commonly used to study demand for agricultural commodities and groups of commodities. Increasingly, separability has been utilized in conjunction with the AIDS to estimate conditional demand systems as well as to improve upon precision of parameter...

The study examined the relationship between import price and retail price of grapefruit in Japan. Estimated retail-import price relationship indicate asymmetry responses distributed over time. Import price changes are not fully transmitted to the retail level, with import price increases being...