This report is the basic documentation of the present (fifth) version of the Bank of Finland macroeconomic model, BOF5, built for policy simulation and forecasting.In constructing the model, consistent treatment of expectations is emphasized.Following current theoretical literature,...

This report is the basic documentation of the present (fifth) version of the Bank of Finland macroeconomic model, BOF5, built for policy simulation and forecasting. In constructing the model, consistent treatment of expectations is emphasized. Following current theoretical literature,...

To develop forecasting procedures with a forward-looking dynamic general equilibrium model, we built a small New-Keynesian model and calibrated it to euro area data. It was essential in this context that we allowed for long-run growth in GDP. We brought additional asset price equations based on...

This paper compares the boom-bust cycle in Finland and Sweden 1984-1995 with the average boom-bust pattern in industrialized countries as calculated from an international sample for the period 1970-2002. Two clear conclusions emerge. First, the Finnish-Swedish experience is much more volatile...

Raportissa tarkastellaan julkisen talouden alijäämän ja velkaantumisen reaktioita talouden kasvuhäiriöihin lyhyellä aikavälillä.Lisäksi selvitetään painelaskelmien avulla rakenteellisten tekijöiden, erityisesti väestön vanhenemisesta aiheutuvien menojen vaikutusta Suomen julkisen...

Cyclically adjusted government budget balances have become increasingly popular as a means of analysing the fiscal situation and changes in policy that result from the intentional actions of the government.As the actual budget balances are affected both by cyclical factors ('automatic...

Estimates of cyclically-adjusted budget balances, correcting actual government budget balances for business cycle fluctuations, are produced by many institutions, including the European Commission, the IMF and the OECD. This paper presents an alternative approach for the cyclical adjustment of...

Fiscal balances have deteriorated quickly in recent years, bringing back to the foreground the question what factors help explain such sharp changes. This paper takes a broad perspective at the issue regarding countries included, the range of explanatory variables tried, and the time-span. The...

Fiscal balances have deteriorated quickly in recent years, bringing back to the foreground the question what factors help explain such sharp changes. This paper takes a broad perspective at the issue regarding countries included, the range of explanatory variables tried, and the time-span. The...