At the Uruguay Round, developing countries took on unprecedented obligations not only to reduce trade barriers, but to implement significant reforms both of trade procedures, e.g., import licensing procedures, customs valuation and of many areas of regulation that establish the basic business...

After four decades as prime examples of inward-looking trade policies and import-substituting industrialization, several Latin American countries undertook comprehensive trade liberalization and macroeconomic adjustment in the 1980s. The authors contend that the experiences in those countries...

Dumping accurs when a firm charges a price in the foreign market below its price in the domestic market when it supplies the indentical good to both markets. Provisions within the GATT allow member countries to impose antidumping (AD) duties to counteract this behavior and return the price of...

To shed light on regional integration schemes in North America and Europe (and on the alleged trading bloc in East Asia), the authors explore the nature of bilateral trade relationships. Using the gravity model, they conduct an econometric analysis of trade flows between major trading countries....

In Global Economic Prospects 1995 it was explained that antidumping is ordinary protection with a good public relations program. In fact, antidumping is often more costly to importing countries than ordinary protection through tariffs. The reason antidumping is such a costly form of protection...

October 1999 - At the Uruguay Round, developing countries took on obligations not only to reduce trade barriers but also to undertake significant reforms of regulations and trade procedures. The Round did not, however, take into account the cost of implementing these reforms - a full year's...

December 1999 - The Uruguay Round tariff negotiations did not achieve a country-by-country balancing of concessions given and concessions received. How governments bargained was determined less by their national interests than by the interests of their politically important industrial...

In Global Economic Prospects 1995 it was explained that antidumping is ordinary protection with a good public relations program. In fact, antidumping is often more costly to importing countries than ordinary protection through tariffs. The reason antidumping is such a costly form of protection...