This paper shows that up-front payments can play a crucial role in providing efficient investment incentives when contracts are incomplete. They can eliminate the overinvestment effect identified by Rogerson [1984] and Shavell [1980] when courts use an expectation damage remedy. This method...

This project propose a strategy focused on the realization of some measurable, well definited objectives, and on a series of strategically options, supported by actions with clear dead-lines and with direct implications on the entire system of Romanian pe

The purpose of this paper work is to provide a basic juridical-legislative strategy under which countries of the south-eastern Europe would regulate and harmonize their local legislation with European conventions assuming to provide protection and sustainability to the environment. This due to...

<u><strong>Abstract</strong></u>The dynamics of law and economics in the cannon of American legal thought was initially characterized by a denial of the independence of contract law, tailored by judicial decisions and the realist revolution. This paper shows that this denial begets the rebirth of contract law based on...

The International Covenant for Economic Social and Cultural Rights, ICESCR, commits states to progressively realize the economic and social rights enumerated in the Covenant. This poses a challenge to measurement. It is not enough to assess the extent to which rights are enjoyed in a country or...

Berle and Means's analysis of the corporation--in particular, their view that those in control are not the owners of the corporation--raises questions about actions that corporations take to counter concerns regarding management's influence. What mechanisms, if any, do corporations implement to...

We use Bureau of Justice Statistics data to estimate that, in 2008, the United States had between 12 and 14 million ex-offenders of working age. Because a prison record or felony conviction greatly lowers ex-offenders’ prospects in the labor market, we estimate that this large population...

The international financial system has achieved a radical change in the last twenty years. From the so called Commodity Exchange, which is recognized as the origin of the financial system and even of the derivative one by the economic literature since 1500, to Black & Scholes (1973a) and...

This paper examines how the adoption of the Australian ballot (AB), and ipso facto, the transition from the nominal to effective secret vote, shaped the nature of party politics in Brazil. Engaging the literature on political clientelism, the impact of the AB on three outcomes is studied: 1) the...

The “Broken Windows†theory of crime prescribes “zero-tolerance†law enforcement policies that disproportionately target light crimes with the understanding that this will lead to future reductions of more severe crimes. We provide evidence against the effectiveness of such...