, it is not also a necessary condition. -- Emissions Trading ; Environmental Federalism ; Enforcement ; Monitoring Cost …

commitment of local governments and by enforcement policies. On the basis of a panel dataset at the Italian provincial level that … originally integrates waste, economic, policy and enforcement data, our empirical analysis presents two main insights. First, a … shaped relationship exists between enforcement and illegal disposal, namely deterrence only results after a (relatively high …

Economists generally view environmental enforcement as a tool to secure compliance with regulations. This paper … demonstrates that credible enforcement significantly increases statutory overcompliance with regulations as well. We find that many … reductions required by law. Thus, increased enforcement generates substantial discharge reductions above and beyond those …